Published - Thu, 23 Feb 2023
NCLEX-PN Exam Questions - Part 2
1. Which of the following physical findings indicates that an 11 - 12-month-old child is at risk for developmental dysplasia of the hip?
A) refusal to walk
B) not pulling to a standing position
C) negative Trendelenburg sign
D) negative Ortolani sign
2. When administering intravenous electrolyte solution, the nurse should take which of the following precautions?
A) Infuse hypertonic solutions rapidly.
B) Mix no more than 80 mEq of potassium per liter of fluid.
C) Prevent infiltration of calcium, which causes tissue necrosis and sloughing.
D) As appropriate, reevaluate the client - s digitalis dosage. He might need an increased dosage because IV calcium diminishes digitalis - s action.
3. Teaching about the need to avoid foods high in potassium is most important for which client?
A) a client receiving diuretic therapy
B) a client with an ileostomy
C) a client with metabolic alkalosis
D) a client with renal disease
4. What do the following ABG values indicate: pH 7.38, PO2 78 mmHg, PCO2 36mmHg, and HCO3 24 mEq/L?
A) metabolic alkalosis
B) homeostasis
C) respiratory acidosis
D) respiratory alkalosis
5. The major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid are:
A) potassium and chloride.
B) potassium and phosphate.
C) sodium and chloride.
D) sodium and phosphate.
A) refusal to walk
B) not pulling to a standing position
C) negative Trendelenburg sign
D) negative Ortolani sign
2. When administering intravenous electrolyte solution, the nurse should take which of the following precautions?
A) Infuse hypertonic solutions rapidly.
B) Mix no more than 80 mEq of potassium per liter of fluid.
C) Prevent infiltration of calcium, which causes tissue necrosis and sloughing.
D) As appropriate, reevaluate the client - s digitalis dosage. He might need an increased dosage because IV calcium diminishes digitalis - s action.
3. Teaching about the need to avoid foods high in potassium is most important for which client?
A) a client receiving diuretic therapy
B) a client with an ileostomy
C) a client with metabolic alkalosis
D) a client with renal disease
4. What do the following ABG values indicate: pH 7.38, PO2 78 mmHg, PCO2 36mmHg, and HCO3 24 mEq/L?
A) metabolic alkalosis
B) homeostasis
C) respiratory acidosis
D) respiratory alkalosis
5. The major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid are:
A) potassium and chloride.
B) potassium and phosphate.
C) sodium and chloride.
D) sodium and phosphate.
1. Right Answer: B
Explanation: The nurse might be concerned about developmental dysplasia of the hip if an 1112-month-old child doesnt pull to a standing position. An infant who does not walk by 15 months of age should be evaluated. Children should start walking between 1115 months of age. Trendelenberg sign is related to weakness of the gluteus medius muscle, not hip dysplasia. Ortolani sign is used to identify congenital subluxation or dislocation of the hip in infants. Health Promotion andMaintenance
2. Right Answer: C
Explanation: Preventing tissue infiltration is important to avoid tissue necrosis. Choice 1 is incorrect because hypertonic solutions should be infused cautiously and checked with the RN if there is a concern. Choice 2 is incorrect because potassium, mixed in the pharmacy per physician order, is mixed at a concentration no higher than60 mEq/L.Physiological Adaptation
3. Right Answer: D
Explanation: Clients with renal disease are predisposed to hyperkalemia and should avoid foods high in potassium.Choices 1, 2, and 3 are incorrect because clients receiving diuretics with ileostomy or with metabolic alkalosis are at risk for hypokalemia and should be encouraged to eat foods high in potassium. Physiological Adaptation
4. Right Answer: B
Explanation: These ABG values are within normal limits. Choices 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect because the ABG values indicate none of these acid-base disturbances.Physiological Adaptation
5. Right Answer: C
Explanation: Sodium and chloride are the major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid.Physiological Adaptation
Explanation: The nurse might be concerned about developmental dysplasia of the hip if an 1112-month-old child doesnt pull to a standing position. An infant who does not walk by 15 months of age should be evaluated. Children should start walking between 1115 months of age. Trendelenberg sign is related to weakness of the gluteus medius muscle, not hip dysplasia. Ortolani sign is used to identify congenital subluxation or dislocation of the hip in infants. Health Promotion andMaintenance
2. Right Answer: C
Explanation: Preventing tissue infiltration is important to avoid tissue necrosis. Choice 1 is incorrect because hypertonic solutions should be infused cautiously and checked with the RN if there is a concern. Choice 2 is incorrect because potassium, mixed in the pharmacy per physician order, is mixed at a concentration no higher than60 mEq/L.Physiological Adaptation
3. Right Answer: D
Explanation: Clients with renal disease are predisposed to hyperkalemia and should avoid foods high in potassium.Choices 1, 2, and 3 are incorrect because clients receiving diuretics with ileostomy or with metabolic alkalosis are at risk for hypokalemia and should be encouraged to eat foods high in potassium. Physiological Adaptation
4. Right Answer: B
Explanation: These ABG values are within normal limits. Choices 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect because the ABG values indicate none of these acid-base disturbances.Physiological Adaptation
5. Right Answer: C
Explanation: Sodium and chloride are the major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid.Physiological Adaptation
80% DISCOUNT: SPHR PRACTICE EXAMS
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