Published - Thu, 23 Feb 2023
NCLEX-PN Exam Questions - Part 84
1. Neural tube defects in the fetus have been primarily associated with which deficiency in the mother?
A) iron
B) folic acid
C) vitamin B12
D) vitamin E
2. Elderly persons with pernicious anemia should be instructed:
A) to increase their dietary intake of foods high in B12.
B) that they do not need to return for follow-up for at least a month after initiation of treatment.
C) that oral B12 is safer and less expensive than parenteral replacement.
D) that diarrhea can be a transient side effect of B12 injections.
3. Which of the following should be included in a diet rich in iron?
A) peaches, eggs, beef
B) cereals, kale, cheese
C) red beans, enriched breads, squash
D) legumes, green beans, eggs
4. The presence of which hormone in the urine is specifically indicative of pregnancy?
A) estrogen
B) progesterone
C) testosterone
D) human chorionic gonadotropin
5. Increased cortisol levels might be found in a client with which condition?
A) Cushing - s syndrome
B) Addison - s disease
C) renal failure
D) congestive heart failure
A) iron
B) folic acid
C) vitamin B12
D) vitamin E
2. Elderly persons with pernicious anemia should be instructed:
A) to increase their dietary intake of foods high in B12.
B) that they do not need to return for follow-up for at least a month after initiation of treatment.
C) that oral B12 is safer and less expensive than parenteral replacement.
D) that diarrhea can be a transient side effect of B12 injections.
3. Which of the following should be included in a diet rich in iron?
A) peaches, eggs, beef
B) cereals, kale, cheese
C) red beans, enriched breads, squash
D) legumes, green beans, eggs
4. The presence of which hormone in the urine is specifically indicative of pregnancy?
A) estrogen
B) progesterone
C) testosterone
D) human chorionic gonadotropin
5. Increased cortisol levels might be found in a client with which condition?
A) Cushing - s syndrome
B) Addison - s disease
C) renal failure
D) congestive heart failure
1. Right Answer: B
Explanation: Folic acid is essential for the development of the neural tube and might prevent the defect or failure of the tube to close (congenital anomalies). PhysiologicalAdaptation
2. Right Answer: D
Explanation: Pernicious anemia is a megaloblastic, macrocytic, normochronic anemia caused by a deficiency of the intrinsic factor produced by the stomach. This results in malabsorption of vitamin B12, which is necessary for DNA synthesis and maturation of RBC. Education should include side effects of Vitamin B12, which can include pain and burning at the injection site, peripheral vascular thrombosis, and transient diarrhea. Physiological Adaptation
3. Right Answer: A
Explanation: Home sources of iron that can be absorbed in the body include meat, poultry, and fish. In addition, these sources contain a factor that helps to enhance iron absorption of nonheme sources. Eating Vitamin C at the same time as iron sources also helps to promote iron absorption.High calcium intake in the diet promotes the absorption of iron because it helps to bind to phytates and thereby limits their effect. Physiological Adaptation
4. Right Answer: D
Explanation: Human chorionic gonadotropin is found in the urine during pregnancy and specifically indicates pregnancy. The other hormones do not. Reduction of RiskPotential
5. Right Answer: A
Explanation: Cushings syndrome produces elevated cortisol levels. Addisons disease produces decreased cortisol levels. The other conditions are not associated with cortisol levels. Reduction of Risk Potential
Explanation: Folic acid is essential for the development of the neural tube and might prevent the defect or failure of the tube to close (congenital anomalies). PhysiologicalAdaptation
2. Right Answer: D
Explanation: Pernicious anemia is a megaloblastic, macrocytic, normochronic anemia caused by a deficiency of the intrinsic factor produced by the stomach. This results in malabsorption of vitamin B12, which is necessary for DNA synthesis and maturation of RBC. Education should include side effects of Vitamin B12, which can include pain and burning at the injection site, peripheral vascular thrombosis, and transient diarrhea. Physiological Adaptation
3. Right Answer: A
Explanation: Home sources of iron that can be absorbed in the body include meat, poultry, and fish. In addition, these sources contain a factor that helps to enhance iron absorption of nonheme sources. Eating Vitamin C at the same time as iron sources also helps to promote iron absorption.High calcium intake in the diet promotes the absorption of iron because it helps to bind to phytates and thereby limits their effect. Physiological Adaptation
4. Right Answer: D
Explanation: Human chorionic gonadotropin is found in the urine during pregnancy and specifically indicates pregnancy. The other hormones do not. Reduction of RiskPotential
5. Right Answer: A
Explanation: Cushings syndrome produces elevated cortisol levels. Addisons disease produces decreased cortisol levels. The other conditions are not associated with cortisol levels. Reduction of Risk Potential
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