Published - Thu, 23 Feb 2023

NCLEX-RN Exam Questions - Part 147

1. Which of the following lab data is representative of a client with aplastic anemia?

A) Hemoglobin 9.2, hematocrit 27, red blood cells 3.2 million
B) White blood cells 4000, erythrocytes 2.5 million, thrombocytes 100,000
C) White blood cells 3000, hematocrit 27, red blood cells 2.8 million
D) Red blood cells 1 million, white blood cells 1500, thrombocytes 16,000

2. A 20-year-old male client is being treated for protein deficiency. If he likes all of the following foods, which one would the nurse recommend to increase in the diet?

A) Cantaloupe
B) Rice
C) Chicken
D) Green beans

3. A client states to his nurse that 'I was told by the doctor not to take one of my drugs because it seems to have caused decreasing blood cells.' Based on this information, which drug might the nurse expect to be discontinued?

A) Prednisone
B) Timolol maleate (Blocadren)
C) Garamycin (Gentamicin)
D) Phenytoin (Dilantin)

4. Forty-eight hours after a thyroidectomy, a female client complains of numbness and tingling of the toes and fingers. The nurse notes upper arm and facial twitching. The nurse needs to:

A) Report the findings to the physician
B) Assist the client to do range of motion exercises
C) Check the client - s potassium level
D) Administer the as-needed dose of phenytoin (Dilantin)

5. An 18-month-old child has been playing in the garage. His mother brings him to a nurses home complaining of his mouth being sore. His lips and mouth are soapy and white, with small ulcerated areas beginning to form. The child begins to vomit. His pulse is rapid and weak. The nurse suspects that the child has:

A) Inhaled gasoline fumes
B) Ingested a caustic alkali
C) Eaten construction chalk
D) Lead poisoning

1. Right Answer: D
Explanation: (A, B, C) Although all of the lab data are abnormal and although these values are decreased in aplastic anemia, the disorder is defined by severe deficits in red cell, white cell, and platelet counts. (D) Aplastic anemia is typically defined in terms of abnormalities of red blood cell count, usually <1 million, white cell count<2,000, and thrombocytes <20,000.

2. Right Answer: C
Explanation: (A) Cantaloupe is a good source of carbohydrates, vitamin C, and vitamin A. (B) Rice contains about 4 g of protein per 200 g. (C) Chicken contains 35 g protein per breast. Chicken is a rich source of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), which is needed for adequate protein synthesis. As protein intake increases, vitamin B6 intake must also be increased. Vitamin B6 is a coenzyme in amino acid metabolism. (D) Green beans only contain 2 g of protein per cup.

3. Right Answer: D
Explanation: (A) Prednisone is not linked with hematological side effects. (B) Timolol, a -adrenergic blocker is metabolized by the liver. It has not been linked to blood dyscrasia. (C) Gentamicin is ototoxic and nephrotoxic. (D) Phenytoin usage has been linked to blood dyscrasias such as aplastic anemia. The drug most commonly linked to aplastic anemia is chloramphenicol (Chlormycetin).

4. Right Answer: A
Explanation: (A) Muscular hyperactivity and parasthesias may indicate hypocalcemic tetany and require immediate administration of calcium gluconate. Tetany can occur if the parathyroid glands were erroneously excised during surgery. (B) Range of motion exercises are not appropriate topresenting symptoms. (C) These characteristics are not usual signs of potassium imbalance, but of calcium imbalance. (D) Phenytoin is indicated for seizure activity mainly of neurological origin.

5. Right Answer: B
Explanation: (A, C, D) These agents would not cause ulcerations on mouthand lips. (B) Strong alkali or acids will cause burns and ulcerationson the mucous membranes.

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